![]() ![]() This means 1 SuperTab per 50.000-100.000 litre water. A concentration of 0.01-0.04 mg/l is required for maintenance doses in the pond. At this dose a concentration of 0.01-0.04 mg/l is reached and the the bacterial load is greatly reduced without having a negative effect on the biology and aquaculture in the water.Īt higher concentrations (from 0.2 mg/l to 0.5 mg/l) ClO2 is well capable of significantly reducing and/or solving bacterial problems in fish.įor the private user it is important not to let the bacterial pressure increase and to keep it well-controlled. It is adviced to dose weekly because the chlorine dioxide will be consumed. One SuperTab is suited for 50.000-200.000 litre pondwater. ![]() ![]() In practice the working of chlorine dioxide is in long term good visible: The combination of low oxidation power and high oxidation capacity makes this product very suitable for relatively safe and easy use in aquaculture. In other words, the concentration of chlorine dioxide only needs to be 40% of that of other oxidants to kill anaerobic bacteria or to neutralise organic material. To neutralise the same amount of dirt 2.5 times the amount of other oxidants is needed compared to chlorine dioxide. A fixed low concentration will therefore not result in any problems for fish or other living organisms. Oxygen is a very weak oxidant: as much oxygen as possible should be present in the water to prevent pathogens and to neutralise harmful (reducing) substances.Ĭhlorine dioxide lies above oxygen, but far below ozone with regard to its oxidation power. Therefore, ozone is always used out of reach of the fish, and it is ensured that no residual ozone is present in the water. Because of its power and potential harmful effects on, for example fish, no free ozone may be present in the water. The more powerful the oxidant, the more dangerous it is for living organisms. The major advantage of chlorine dioxide, in comparison with other oxidants (hydrogen peroxide, ozone and chlorine), is its low oxidation power, in combination with a high oxidation capacity. Because anaerobic bacteria (pathogens) have a very thin skin, they are already killed at very low concentrations. Also due to the low oxidation power, bacteria, which provide the conversion process of proteins/ammonia/nitrite to nitrate, are hardly affected by low concentrations of ClO2. Unlike chlorine, chlorine dioxide does not affect the pH value.Ĭhlorine dioxide is a lot less effective in the dark, which limits the adverse effect on biological filters to a minimum. Anaerobic bacteria cannot become resistant to chlorine dioxide because, unlike UV or antibiotics, the cell wall is destroyed.Ĭontrary to many other oxidants, chlorine dioxide is also very effective at low temperatures and high pH values. Chlorine dioxide is a very selective oxidant and reacts mainly with organic substances. Therefore its allowed to be present in specific concentrations in drinking water and ponds with live stock.Ĭhlorine dioxide is very effective in killing pathogens such as fungi, bacteria and viruses. Chlorine dioxide (should not be compared to or confused with chlorine) s a relative weak oxidizing agent. This tablet form of chlorine dioxide is a new development and makes the use of the product very easy. SuperTab is the oxidant chlorine dioxide (ClO2) in tablet form. ![]()
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